Bauhaus

Staatliches Bauhaus an art and architecture school in Germany that operated from 1919 to 1933, and for the approach to design that it publicized and taught. The most natural meaning for its name (related to the German verb for "build") is Architecture House. Bauhaus style became one of the most influential currents in Modernist architecture, and one of the most important currents of the New Objectivity. The Bauhaus had a profound influence upon subsequent developments in art, architecture, graphic design, interior design, industrial design and typography. The school existed in three German cities (Weimar from 1919 to 1925, Dessau from 1925 to 1932, Berlin from 1932 to 1933), under three different architect-directors (Walter Gropius from 1919 to 1927, Hannes Meyer from 1928 to 1930, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe from 1930 to 1933). The changes of venue and leadership resulted in a constant shifting of focus, technique, instructors, and politics. When the school moved from Weimar to Dessau, for instance, although it had been an important revenue source, the pottery shop was discontinued. When Mies took over the school in 1930, he transformed it into a private school, and would not allow any supporters of Hannes Meyer to attend it. László Moholy-Nagy revived the school for a single year in Chicago as the New Bauhaus. In 1999 Bauhaus-Dessau College started to organize postgraduate programs with participants from all over the world. This effort has been supported by the Bauhaus-Dessau Foundation which was founded in 1994 as a public institution. American art schools have also rediscovered the Bauhaus school. The Master Craftsman Program at Florida State University bases its artistic philosophy on Bauhaus theory and practice. Many outstanding artists of their time were lecturers at Bauhaus: Anni Albers Josef Albers Herbert Bayer Marianne Brandt Marcel Breuer Lyonel Feininger Naum Gabo Walter Gropius Ludwig Hilberseimer Johannes Itten Wassily Kandinsky Paul Klee Gerhard Marcks László Moholy-Nagy Piet Mondrian Georg Muche Hinnerk Scheper Oskar Schlemmer Joost Schmidt Lothar Schreyer Naum Slutzky Wolfgang Tumpel Gunta Stölzl Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Max Bill

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